新建青藏铁路施工期土壤侵蚀预测

高寒、干旱、少氧的严酷自然条件,导致了青藏高原高寒植被十分独特、脆弱、对人类扰动极其敏感的自然属性。青藏铁路的建设必将在一定程度上加剧沿线地区的水土流失。利用遥感与地理信息系统技术,结合野外调查分析结果,编制了唐古拉山口至拉萨段铁路两侧50km范围土壤侵蚀现状图。根据铁路沿线水土流失现状和工程建设活动对水土流失的影响分析,对施工期土壤侵蚀类型与强度的变化以及工程造成的水土流失总量进行了预测,并据此分析了工程可能造成的水土流失危害。

Soil Erosion Prediction for Construction of Qinghai-Tibetan Railway

The Qinghai-Tibetan plateau is one of the regions with the least man-made disturbance in the world. The harsh natural conditions of high elevation, cold and drought climate and oxygen deficiency result in the fact that the plateau vegetation and ecosystems are unique and very fragile and susceptive to man- made disturbance. The construction of the railway will intensify soil erosion along the railway line to a certain degree. The map of soil erosion condition in the section from Tanggula mountain pass to Lhasa city in the range of 50 kilometers each side along the line was drawn by using the techniques of remote sensing and geographic information system. Based on analysis of the status of soil and water loss, and the influence of the railway construction projects, the changes of the types, intensities and the total amount of the soil erosion caused by the construction are predicted, and the damage from soil erosion is analyzed.