不同土地利用方式下紫色土中铵的容量和强度（Q/I）关系

研究了4种土地利用方式下(水田、旱地、林地、菜地)紫色土(紫色湿润雏形土)和紫色水稻土(紫色水耕人为土)NH4+的容量和强度(Q/I)关系。结果表明:紫色土和紫色水稻土NH4+Q/I曲线的曲线部分均出现在NH4+的活度比(ARNH4)较低时,表明土壤存在非交换性NH4+(或专性吸附的NH4+)的释放。紫色土和紫色水稻土NH4+的潜在缓冲容量(PBC)为71.47～203.7 cmol kg-1(mol L-1)-1/2;土壤活性NH4+(-ΔNH40)为0.029 5～0.089 7 cmol kg-1,NH4+的平衡活度比(AR0NH4)为0.187×10-3～1.255×10-3(mol L-1)1/2;土壤专性吸附位点(NH4-sas)为0.010 6～0.118 5 cmol kg-1。相关分析和通径分析表明,土壤小于0.002 mm黏粒含量与NH4+PBC及NH4-sas均呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),小于0.002 mm黏粒对PBC的影响主要是间接作用(间接通径系数为0.585),但对NH4-sas则有强烈的直接作用;有机碳与-ΔNH40和AR0NH4均呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),但是有机碳对-ΔNH40有较大的直接效应(直接通径系数为0.966),而对AR0NH4的影响主要以间接效应为主。土壤-ΔNH40与交换性NH4+数值接近且呈极显著相关(r=0.876 4,n=8,p<0.01),而AR0NH4与交换性NH 4+亦呈极显著相关(r=0.983 7,n=8,p<0.01)。土壤小于0.002 mm黏粒和有机碳的差异是导致不同土地利用方式下紫色土交换性NH4+以及Q/I参数的差异的主要原因,交换性NH4+标志的NH4+有效性指标与由Q/I关系得到的NH4+有效性指标类似。

Quantity-intensity relationship of ammonium in purple soils different in land use

Quantity-intensity(Q/I) relationships of NH+4 in purple soils and purple paddy soils different in land use(paddy field,dry land,woodland and vegetable plot) were studied.It was found that in both 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm layers of the two soils the curve of NH+4 Q/I relationships were observed only when NH+4 activity ratios in the soils were low,suggesting release of nonexchangeable(or specifically adsorbed) NH+4 in the soils NH+4 in the two soils ranged from 71.47 to 203.7 cmol kg-1(mol L-1)-1/2 in potential b...