冬小麦农艺性状杂种优势与利用研究

利用综合性状好的 6个品种 (系 )为材料进行双列杂交 ,对 6个农艺性状的杂种优势进行研究。结果表明 :①小麦杂种优势主要来源于穗粒数和百粒重 ,辅之以较高的成穗率 ,临汾麦区最佳强优势组配模式是重穗型 (均衡型 )×多穗型 ;②大部分组合正反交杂种优势差异不显著 ,但有个别组合正反交的优势差异达显著或极显著水平 ;③同一亲本与不同亲本杂交 ,其杂种优势也有差异。在综合分析的基础上 ,评选出优势较强的 5个组合 :即晋麦 65号×晋麦 61号 ,临远 315 8×晋麦 61号 ,邯 4 5 89×晋麦 60号 ,晋麦 60号×晋麦 65号 ,邯 4 5 89×晋麦 5 4号

Studies on Agronomic Character Heterosis and Utilization in Winter Wheat

Six varieties with good synthetical characters were applied to carry out diallel cross.The experiment was carried out six agronomic characters heterosis.Results show:Hybrid heterosis in wheat stem mainly from kernals number per spike and hundred kernds weight.Subsidized by highly formed spike rate.The best strong superiority combination pattern is heavy spike type (medium spike type) x multiple spike type;The reciprocal cross heterosis of most of sets are not obviously different but some reach marked or very marked levels.A parent crossed with various parents their hybrid heterosis have differences,too.On the basis of comprehensive analysis,five strong superiority sets were chosen and they were Jinmai65×Jinmai61,Linyuan 3158×Jinmai 61,Han4589×Jinmai60,Jinmai60×Jinmai65 and Han4589×Jinmai54.