竹粉催化水热处理增强竹塑复合材料性能

分别用NaOH、Na2SiO3和K2CO3催化剂对竹粉表面进行催化水热处理，与PVC共混热模压成型制得竹塑复合材料。通过对处理前后竹粉化学成分分析、SEM分析及复合材料性能测试，探讨了催化水热处理对竹粉与PVC基体界面的增容作用，研究了催化剂种类和浓度对复合材料力学性能、耐水性能的影响。结果表明:催化水热处理能改善竹粉与PVC基体的相容性，竹粉在PVC基体中分布更为均匀。催化剂种类和浓度对复合材料物理力学性能影响显著。随着3种催化剂浓度按0.5%、1%、2%增加，复合材料的力学强度呈现先增大后减小的趋势，1%K2CO3处理的复合材料拉伸强度达到极大值，1%Na2SiO3处理的弯曲弹性模量达到极大值，2%K2CO3处理的静曲强度达到极大值。复合材料的2 h吸水率、2 h和24 h厚度膨胀率在1%Na2SiO3处理时达到极小值，24 h吸水率在2%Na2SiO3处理时达到极小值。 

Catalytic Hydrothermal Treated Bamboo Particle Reinforced Properties of Bamboo-plastic Composites

Bamboo particle was hydrothermally treated with NaOH，Na2SiO3 and K2CO3 catalysts，and then bamboo plastic composites were prepared by hot pressing molding with PVC.Chemical composition and SEM analysis of bamboo particle and the performance test of composite materials were carried out before and after treatment.The compatibilization between treated bamboo particle and PVC matrix interface was discussed.And effect of type and concentration of the catalyst on the mechanical performance and water resistance were assessed.Results showed that the catalytic hydrothermal treatment could improve compatibility of bamboo particle and PVC matrix，and the distribution of treated bamboo particle in PVC matrix was more uniform.The type and concentration of catalyst had significant effects on the physical and mechanical properties of the composites.With concentration of the catalyst increasing from 0.5%，1%，to 2%，the mechanical strength of the composite increased at first and then decreased，the tensile strength reached the maximum value at 1% K2CO3 treatment，the bending elastic modulus reached the maximum value at 1%Na2SiO3 treatment，the static bending intensity reached the maximum value at 2%K2CO3 treatment.The 2 h water absorption，2 h and 24 h thickness expansion rate of the composites reached the minimum value at 1%Na2SiO3 treatment，and the water absorption of 24 h reached the minimum value in the 2%Na2SiO3 treatment.