双峰驼血淋巴结的形态结构研究

本研究用解剖学和组织学方法首次确定我国双峰驼具有血淋巴结这一形态结构。其外观呈卵圆形、紫红色，直径6－11mm，常见于皮下结缔组织中。在组织学上，外有一层由胶原纤维、弹性纤维和成纤维细胞构成的薄而疏松的被膜，其中有较多的血管和淋巴管；被膜伸入内部形成细小且分布散乱的小梁，但未将实质分隔成明显的小叶。实质由大量的血窦、较少的淋巴小结和淋巴窦构成，未见索状淋巴组织。血窦可分为边缘窦和中间窦，充满血液，前者位于被膜下方，较宽大，呈索状排列；后者狭窄，吻合成网；窦壁由内皮和基膜组成。淋巴窦较少，窦壁完整，明显扩张。淋巴小结多呈卵圆形，散在分布于血窦之间，由淋巴、网状组织构成，有的有明显的的生发中心。和他种动物相比，双峰驼血淋巴结在组织学上有以下特点：（1）除具有血管和血窦外，还有淋巴管和淋巴窦；（2）实质无皮质和髓质之分；（3）淋巴组织主要为淋巴小结，未见索状的淋巴组织。

STUDIES ON MORPHOSTRUCTURE OF HEMOLYMPH NODES IN BACTRIAN CAMELS

Morphostructure of hemolymph nodes of 35 bactrian camels were studied by anatomic and histological techniques.The results are as follow：It is first proved that there are hemolymph nodes in Bactrian camel′s body.The hemolymph nodes were purple，slightly round and very small in outer apperance.They were often found in connective tissue below the skin.Histologically，the thin capsule which consists of collagenous fibers，elastic fibers and fibroblasts went inward，but could not divide the parenchyma into obvious lobules.The parenchyma consisted of many hemal sinuses，few lymph nodules and lymph sinuses，but the cordlike lymph tissue was not found in it.The hemal sinuses filled with blood could be divided into two portions，the marginal sinuses，located below the capsule were bigger and cordlike，but the intermediate sinuses were smaller than the former.Lymph sinuses were less than hemal sinuses but much bigger than the latter.Lymph nodules，located among the hemal sinuses solitarily，were slightly round and consisted of lymph-reticular tissue.Some of them had obvious germinal centers.Compared with those of other kinds of animals，the hemolymph nodes of bactrian camel have the follow characteristics：（1）There are many lymph vessels and lymph sinuses besides blood vessels and sinusoids，（2）Parenchyma can not be divided into cortex and medulla，（3）The lymph tissue in hemolymph nodes is mainly the lymph nodules，the cordlike lymph tissue has not been found.