麦积山景区生态需水特征(英文)

[目的]研究麦积山景区生态需水特征。[方法]运用麦积山景区内多年土壤湿度资料及气象资料,对景区内生态需水特征进行分析。[结果]麦积山景区内年实际需水量为678×106m3,土壤含水占21%,蒸散量占79%;最小生态需水定额为480×106m3,土壤含水占16%,蒸散量占84%;最小适宜生态需水定额为624×106m3,土壤含水占18%,蒸散量占82%。降水量为614×106m3,可消耗水中水分盈余78×106m3。降水量大于蒸散量的年份占76%。自21世纪80年代以来,蒸散量呈线性增加趋势,一年之中,6~10月降水量大于蒸散量,11~12月以及1~5月降水量小于蒸散量,蒸散需水靠土壤水调节。春季降水量与蒸散量相差较大,对瀑布、溪流等自然有一定影响。[结论]该研究结果为麦积山景区水资源的合理利用及长远规划提供了依据。

Study on the Characteristics of Ecological Water Requirement in Maijishan Scenic Spot

[Objective] This study aimed to explore the characteristics of ecological water requirement in Maijishan Scenic Spot.[Method] The characteristics of ecological water requirement in Maijishan Scenic Spot were analyzed based on the data of soil humidity and meteorology of the spot.[Result] The result showed that the actual annual ecological water requirement in the spot was 678×106 m3,and the proportion of soil water and evapotranspiration were 21% and 79%,respectively; the minimum annual ecological water requirement quota in the spot was 480.27×106 m3,and the proportion of soil water and evapotranspiration were 16% and 84%,respectively; the minimum annual suitable ecological water requirement quota in the spot was 624.22×106 m3,and the proportion of soil water and evapotranspiration were 18% and 82%,respectively.The precipitation was 614×106 m3,and consumptive water surplus reached up to 78×106 m3.The years when the precipitation was higher than the evapotranspiration accounted for 76%.Since 1980s,the evapotranspiration showed a linearly increasing trend.The precipitation was higher than the evapotranspiration from Jun.to Oct.and less than the evapotranspiration from Nov.to Dec.and Jan.to May.Evapotranspiration water requirement was regulated by soil water.The disparity between precipitation and evapotranspiration was huge in spring,thus having certain influence on waterfalls and streams in the spot.[Conclusion] The results of this study provided a basis for the rational use and long-term planning of the water sources in Maijishan Scenic Spot.