高光谱遥感技术在土壤重金属含量测定领域的应用与发展

相较传统的土壤重金属含量测定方法，利用高光谱遥感技术对土壤重金属含量进行反演推算更为方便快捷，且能进行大范围的原位监测，表现出了极大的优势。本文旨在针对已有的土壤重金属含量测定领域高光谱遥感技术应用的相关研究进行综述，阐述高光谱遥感的技术原理及高光谱遥感技术在土壤重金属测定领域的应用与发展，宏观层面把握该领域的研究动向与热点。本文总结了土壤中部分重金属元素的光谱响应特征波段及与重金属元素高度相关的土壤组分，从近地传感高光谱、高空高光谱遥感、低空高光谱遥感3种技术角度切入，论述了高光谱遥感技术应用于土壤重金属测定的技术特征及发展历程，并展望了高光谱遥感技术的未来发展方向及其在土壤重金属测定领域的发展趋势。

Application and development of hyperspectral remote sensing technology to determine the heavy metal content in soil

Using hyperspectral remote sensing technology to inversely calculate the content of heavy metals in soil is more convenient and efficient than traditional methods. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology has a greater advantage as it can be used in large-scale in-situ monitoring. This paper reviews the research on the application of hyperspectral remote sensing technology to determining the heavy metal content in soils; explain its technical principles, development, and application to this task; and highlights the research trends and hotspots in this field. This paper summarizes the characteristic bands of the spectral responses of some heavy metal elements in soil and the soil components that are highly correlated with heavy metal elements. This paper also explains the technical characteristics and process of development of using hyperspectral remote sensing technology to determine the heavy metal content in soil in terms of near-ground, highaltitude, and low-altitude hyperspectral remote sensing. Finally, it discusses prospects for the future development of and research directions in hyperspectral remote sensing technology in addition to the trend in development of hyperspectral remote sensing technology to determine the heavy metal content of soils.