苹果园土壤中铜的含量及形态特征研究

 对苹果园土壤中铜的含量及其形态进行了研究, 同时对土壤铜与果树树体铜含量的关系也进行了初步分析。结果表明铜在果园土壤中有明显积累的趋势, 远较非果园土壤中高, 且随园龄的增长土壤铜显著增加。铜在果园土壤中自上而下逐步降低, 且降幅较大, 相邻土层的全铜含量有显著的相关关系。就铜的存在形态来看, 以有效性较低的有机结合态、锰结合态及无定型态为主, 而交换态含量较低, 各形态自上而下亦呈降低趋势, 上下部土层的差异显著。土壤全铜及各形态铜含量与树体中部分部位的铜含量存在显著相关关系, 其中果实中的铜含量与表土全铜、表土各形态铜含量及下部土壤的部分形态铜含量呈显著相关, 根系及枝条中铜含量与表土全铜及表土部分形态的铜也呈显著相关。

The Content and Fractionation of Copper in Apple Orchard Soils

The content and fractionation of copper in orchard soils was investigated and relations of soil copper status with apple uptake was also studied in this paper. The results showed that copper accumulated gradually in orchard soils. The content in orchard soils was much higher than that in the nonorchard fields and it increased with orchard age. Copper in soil was unevenly distributed vertically, decreasing sharply from top to the deeper layers, and the differences among different layers were significant though significant correlations was also noticed. As to the fractions, organically bound and oxides bound copper accounted for most part of the total copper in soil and exchangeable fraction was much lower. All fractions had a tendency to decrease with depth and both significant differences and significant correlations were found among copper fractions in different layers. Fruit copper and copper in shoot all had good correlations with total copper and copper fractions in top layer and some fractions in deeper layers.