中国蔬菜供需问题探析及展望

近年来中国蔬菜问题引发人们持续关注。研究发现,中国蔬菜总产量和人均产量都较高,蔬菜问题主要是由过高的产后损耗、过多的流通环节引起。城市周边区域蔬菜种植急剧减少,不得不从全国大量调运蔬菜,导致流通环节过多,这既加剧了产后损耗,扩大了产需缺口,也给蔬菜质量安全带来隐患。公益性流通基础设施不足和政府保障蔬菜供给的措施不到位,进一步恶化了这种情况。解决蔬菜问题需要优化蔬菜生产布局、适度增加周边区域的蔬菜产量、改善蔬菜流通模式(如扶持减少中间流通环节的社区直销模式)、兴建公共流通设施、落实各项优惠政策。尽管种植面积大幅增加,蔬菜流通方式创新加快,但是在经济社会发展的当前阶段,中国蔬菜价格仍将持续走高。

Analysis of Chinese Vegetable Supply and Demand Problem and Its Prospect

Chinese vegetable problem has caused sustained concern in recent years. We found that the total and per capita production of Chinese vegetable were both high, the vegetable problem was main caused by exorbitant loss after producing and excessive intermediate links. With the sharp reduction of vegetable sown areas around cities, they must express a large number of vegetable from the whole country, which not only caused exacerbating loss after producing and widening production and demand gap, but also posed a potential threat to the quality and safety of vegetable. Public welfare infrastructures in circulation and government safeguards of vegetable supply were inadequate, which led to the further deterioration of vegetable problem. To solve this problem, we need to optimize the distribution of vegetable production, increase vegetable production moderately surrounding regions of city, improve vegetable circulation mode （ such as the support of the direct business model from community which could decrease middle circulation links ）, construct public infrastructures in vegetable circulation and implement the various preferential policies. Although the sown areas of vegetable increased significantly and the vegetable circulation innovation accelerated, in the current stage of the economic and social development, China＇s vegetable prices were oroiected to rise continuallv.