水稻远缘杂交及杂种优势利用现状

目前，世界上水稻育种主要是利用栽培稻同一基因组型（AA）内优良基因的重组以及少数野生稻和禾本科中部分非稻属物种优良基因。充分利用野生稻及远缘物种的杂种优势或有利基因的聚合，是实现水稻高产、优质、多抗等超高产育种的有效途径之一。概述了水稻远缘杂交研究现状及其特点、作用、分类以及远缘杂种优势利用的主要途径，为水稻远缘杂交育种提供参考。

Present Status on Utilization of Distant Hybridization |and Heterosis in Rice

At present,rice breeding mainly utilizes the recombination of excellent genes among cultivated rice and favorable genes from few wild rice and nonOryza species among gramineae.The heterosis and gene pyramiding of the distant species are one of the valid methods for resolving the difficult problem of integrating high-yield,good quality and multi-resistance.This paper briefly introduces the present condition of rice remote hybridization research,its characteristics,roles,classification and the main approach of distant heterosis utilization,in order to provide reference to rice remote hybridization breeding.