石斛兰镰刀菌叶斑病的生物防治研究

利用分离自石斛兰叶片的植物内生细菌凝结芽胞杆菌R14和地衣芽胞杆菌R21对引起石斛兰叶斑病的串珠镰孢菌B10b开展了生物防治研究。平板对峙法显示R14和R21在PDA平板上对B10b的抑菌带宽分别为4.94mm和6.33mm，镜检发现两株细菌处理后的B10b菌丝均表现为畸形，膨胀破裂，内含物外流，并且产生畸形分生孢子；两株芽胞杆菌的发酵液对B10b菌株分生孢子的萌发具有明显抑制作用，其EC₅₀分别为538.270μl/ml、498.884μl/ml。温室防治试验显示，R14和R21喷施石斛兰叶片，对由B10b引起的石斛兰叶斑病的最高防效分别达到70.13%和67.53%。

Study on Biocontrol of Dendrobium Leaf Spot Caused by Fusarium

Endogenetic Bacillus coagulans R14 and B. licheniforms R21 isolated from Dendrobium leaves were used to control leaf spot of Dendrobium caused by Fusarium moniliforme B10b. The growth of B10b could be inhibited by R14 or R21 with the inhibition zone 4.94 mm or 6.33 mm respectively on petri dish, and the mycelium of B10b was found to be killed by these two strains. The germination of B10b spore could be greatly inhibited by R14 or R21 fermenting liquor, the EC₅₀ were 538.270μl/ml or 498.884μl/ml. Greenhouse test showed that leaf spot of Dendrobium caused by B10b could be effectively controlled by R14 and R21, the efficacy was up to 70.13% and 67.53% respectively.