喀斯特山区农村居民点“三生”空间耦合特征分析——以七星关区为例

为探究农村居民点“三生”空间之间的互动关系,以农村居民点斑块为研究单元,运用核密度估计和高斯两步移动搜索法分析了七星关区农村居民点及其“三生”空间分异特征,借助耦合协调度模型测算农村居民点“三生”空间及其两两之间的耦合度与协调度。结果表明:(1)七星关区农村居民点整体呈“大散居、小聚居”特征,其生活空间圈层结构突出,生产空间南北差异显著,生态空间则较为零散;(2)农村居民点“三生”空间功能呈现4种耦合度类型,5种耦合协调度类型,耦合协调状态服从“核心—边缘”模式;(3)农村居民点“三生”空间功能两两之间耦合协调状态呈现较强中心城区指向,其中生产—生态空间耦合协调状态较好,生活—生产、生活—生态空间较差。七星关区农村居民点“三生”空间耦合协调水平有待提升,需科学规划乡村“三生”空间,促进喀斯特山区乡村健康发展。

Analysis on Coupling Coordination Characteristics of Production-Living-Ecological Space in Rural Settlement in Karst Mountainous Areas-Taking Qixingguan District as an Example

In order to explore the internal relationship of‘production-living-ecological’space,taking rural settlement plaques as the research unit,we used the Gaussian based 2-step floating catchment area(2 SFCA)method and kernel density analysis to analyze the differentiation characteristics of rural settlement and its production-living-ecological space in Qixingguan district,and used the coupling coordination degree model to quantitatively calculate the coupling degree and coupling coordinate degree of rural settlement.The results show that:(1)the rural settlement as a whole shows the characteristics of‘large distribution but small cluster’in Qixingguan district,the circle structure of living space is prominent,the difference between north and south of production space is significant,and the ecological space is relatively scattered;(2)there are four types of coupling degrees and five types of coupling coordination degrees in the spatial function of‘production-living-ecological’space of rural settlement,the coupling coordination state is subject to the‘core-edge’mode;(3)there is strong central city direction of coupling coordination status among every two of the rural settlement‘production-living-ecological’space function,and the coupling coordination of‘production-ecological’space is higher than that of‘production-living’space and‘living-ecological’space in Qixingguan district.The coupling coordination level of‘production-living-ecological’space of rural settlement in Qixingguan district needs to be improved,and the rural‘production-living-ecological’space needs to be planned scientifically to promote the healthy development of rural in karst mountainous areas.