100份大麦种质资源成株期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选

为了筛选大麦抗旱新种质及成株期抗旱性指标，以100份大麦种质为材料，连续2年在大麦生长期降水量不足40 mm的甘肃省敦煌试验站种植，试验设置正常灌水和干旱胁迫2个处理，通过测定100份大麦种质材料的株高（PH）、穗长（SL）、穗粒数（GNS）、分蘖数（TN）、有效分蘖（ET）、单株生物量（IB）、千粒重（TGW）和产量（Y），采用抗旱性度量值（D）、综合抗旱系数（CDC）、加权抗旱系数（WDC）、相关分析、频次分析、灰色关联分析、主成分分析等方法，鉴定了100份大麦种质的抗旱性，并进行了抗旱指标的筛选。结果表明，干旱胁迫对大麦成株期株高、穗长、单株生物量、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量均有极显著影响。通过对大麦成株期抗旱能力的综合评价指标进行分析，发现D值与WDC值相结合可以较为准确地评价大麦成株期的抗旱性；单株生物量、穗粒数、分蘖数、有效分蘖和株高可作为评价大麦成株期抗旱性的指标；成株期抗旱性较强的种质有S-130、BNOC168、LL-53、资源160-早熟3号、IL-18、Z16、沾益红毛大麦和资源21-6B98-9339。

Drought Resistance Identification and Drought Resistance Index Screening of 100 Barley Germplasm Resources at Adult Stage

In order to screen new barley varieties with drought resistance and drought resistance indices at adult stage,a total of 100 barley germplasms were planted in Dunhuang Experimental Station of Gansu Province for two consecutive years with precipitation less than 40 mm during barley growing period. Two treatments of normal irrigation and drought stress were set up in the experiment. The plant height(PH), spike length(SL), grain number per spike(GNS), tiller number(TN), effective tiller(ET), individual biomass(IB),1 000 grain weight(TGW) and yield(Y) of barley materials were determined. The drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value(D), comprehensive drought resistance coefficient(CDC), weight drought resistance coefficient(WDC), correlation analysis, frequency analysis and the correlation analysis were used,and principal component analysis, grey correlation analysis, membership function analysis, cluster analysis and stepwise regression analysis were performed to identify drought resistance of barley germplasm and screen drought resistance indices. The results showed that drought stress had significant effects on plant height, spike length, individual biomass, tiller number, effective tiller, grain number per spike, 1 000-grain weight and yield. Based on the analysis of the comprehensive evaluation index of drought resistance of barley at adult stage, it was concluded that the combination of D value and WDC value can accurately evaluate the drought resistance of barley at maturity stage, and the individual biomass, grain number per spike, tiller number,effective tiller and plant height can be used as the characters to evaluate the drought resistance of barley germplasm at adult stage. Finally, the germplasm with strong drought resistance at adult stage were comprehensively screened out, including S-130, Bnoc168, LL-53,Ziyuan 160-Zaoshu 3, IL-18, Z16, Zhanyihongmaodamai and Ziyuan 21-6B98-9339.