小麦TaKLU基因调控植物株型的研究

为了解小麦TaKLU基因对植物株型的影响，对拟南芥功能缺失突变体klu和过表达TaKLU转基因拟南芥进行了表型观察，并对相关性状进行了统计。结果表明，过表达TaKLU基因导致拟南芥分枝数目减少，顶端优势增强，但不影响产量；相反，拟南芥klu突变体分枝数目增加，顶端优势减弱，单株产量减少。进一步对拟南芥klu突变体进行回补试验，发现用拟南芥klu基因自身启动子驱动TaKLU基因在拟南芥klu突变体中表达后，能恢复突变体的顶端优势，而且其株高、分枝数目与野生型没有明显差异；用强启动子35S和特异启动子pINO驱动TaKLU基因在拟南芥klu突变体中表达后，突变体的顶端优势增强，株高升高，而且其分枝数目明显多于野生型，表明小麦TaKLU基因具有调控植株株型的功能，为小麦株型育种提供了新的研究思路。

Studies on Regulation of Plant Architecture by TaKLU Gene in Wheat

Plant architecture is one of the key factors affecting crop yield. In order to study the effect of TaKLU gene on plant architecture, in this study, we observed the plant architecture of Arabidopsis with a functional loss mutant klu and TaKLU-overexpressed transgenic Arabidopsis, and analyzed the related traits. It was found that the overexpression of TaKLU gene in Arabidopsis resulted in reduced branching number and enhanced apical dominance, but did not affect yield. On the contrary,klu mutant showed more branches, apical dominance was weakened, and yield per plant was decreased.Further complementation experiments showed that TaKLU gene driven by Arabidopsis thaliana self promoter in klu mutant restored the apical dominance of the mutant, and the plant height and branching number was identical as that of the wild type. TaKLU gene driven by strong promoter 35S and specific promoter pINO in klu mutant enhanced the apical dominance and increased the plant height,and the branching number was more than wild type.These results indicated that wheat TaKLU gene had functions in regulating plant architecture, and provided new research ideas for wheat plant architecture breeding.