养殖肥液不同灌溉强度下硝化-脲酶抑制剂-生物炭联合阻控氮淋溶的研究

为考察养殖肥液不同灌溉强度下，硝化-脲酶抑制剂-生物炭技术（Nitrapyrin+NBPT+Biochar）对氮素淋失的抑制效果，本研究采用土柱模拟淋溶试验，测定淋溶液中铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、硝态氮（NO₃^--N）、总氮（TN）的浓度以及土壤中NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N的含量，探究养殖肥液不同灌溉强度下Nitrapyrin+NBPT+Biochar技术对氮素淋失的影响。结果表明：硝化-脲酶抑制剂-生物炭阻控技术使淋溶液中NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N、TN浓度降低了25.3%、53.6%、38.2%，累积淋失量减少了34.5%、61.0%、38.6%。该技术在灌溉强度增加30.0%、60.0%和100.0%后，仍使NO₃^--N淋失量减少了59.3%、55.1%、46.6%，TN淋失量减少了31.7%、27.1%、15.4%，土壤NH₄⁺-N增加86.5%、60.0%、44.5%。该研究中养殖肥液灌溉强度越大土壤氮素淋失风险越大，但是硝化-脲酶抑制剂-生物炭技术明显抑制了氮素淋失，并且在增加一定灌水量范围内仍然有效果。

Nitrification-urease inhibitor-biochar-controlled nitrogen leaching with different biogas slurry irrigation intensities

To investigate the effect of nitrapyrin+NBPT+biochar on nitrogen leaching under different biogas slurry irrigation intensities, this study used a soil column simulated leaching test. The ammonium nitrogen(NH₄⁺-N), nitrate nitrogen(NO₃^--N), and total nitrogen(TN) contents in the soil leaching solution and the contents of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N in the soil were monitored. The results showed that the nitrapyrin+NBPT+biochar reduced the concentrations of NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, and TN in the soil leaching solution by 25.3%, 53.6%, and 38.2%, respectively, and reduced the cumulative leaching loss by 34.5%, 61.0%, 38.6%, respectively; and after the irrigation intensity increased by 30.0%, 60.0%, and 100.0%, the technology still reduced the NO₃^--N leaching volume by 59.3%, 55.1%, and 46.6%, respectively, and the TN leaching volume by 31.7%, 27.1%, and 15.4%, respectively. The soil NH₄⁺-N content increased by 86.5%, 60.0%, and 44.5%, respectively. In this study, the greater the intensity of biogas slurry irrigation, the greater the risk of soil nitrogen leaching. However, the nitrapyrin+NBPT+biochar significantly inhibited nitrogen leaching and still had an effect within a certain range of increasing irrigation.