南昌县不同播栽期早稻比较试验

在气候变暖的背景下,为了从生产实践上验证江西省南昌县早稻能否提前播种和提前移栽。2014年和2015年均采用早稻品种淦鑫203,分别于每年的3月10日、3月15日、3月20日和3月25日共分4个播期在塑料薄膜覆盖的秧田中播种早稻,秧龄约30 d后移栽。在早稻生长过程中,观测各播种期秧苗和移栽至大田后水稻的生长发育状况。分析同期的气象条件和各播栽期早稻的产量因素。两年的试验结果表明,气象条件对各播种期早稻的育秧和移栽至大田的生长发育有利,各播栽期早稻均能正常生长发育;播期早、移栽早的早稻发育期相对提前;播种早、移栽早的早稻有利于产量构成,2014年4月10日、4月15日、4月20日和4月25日各移栽期早稻的实际产量依次为607.2、597.2、482.3和395.4kg/667 m2,2015年4月10日、4月15日、4月20日和4月30日各移栽期早稻的实际产量依次为694.1.5、604.6、541.2和379.5 kg/667 m2,明显表现出播种(移栽)偏早的早稻产量偏高。南昌县进入3月中旬后,应尽量使早稻早播种、早育秧,4月中旬初移栽至大田。

Comparative Study on Early Rice of Different Seeding Dates in Nanchang County

In order to test if early rice can be sowed and transplanted earlier than usual under the background of climate change in Nanchang county,early rice variety (Ganxin 203) was sowed at intervals in March 10,March 15,March 20 and March 25 in 2014 and 2015 by means of plastic sheet covering. Rice seedlings of different sowing dates were observed and transplanted into field when the seedling age was 30 d. In field,growth and development of early rice was observed. Some factors of meteorology during early rice growing period and yield components were analyzed. Meteorological conditions were suitable for early rice with different seeding time. The developmental stages of early rice with early sowing and transplanting were obviously in advance,and the yield was significantly improved. The actual yield of different transplanting dates of April 10,April 15,April 20 and April 25 was 467.4,459.9,371.4 and 304.3 kg/667 m2,respectively,in 2014. The actual yield of dif-ferent transplanting dates of April 10,April 15,April 20 and April 30 was 534.5,465.6,416.7 and 292.2 kg/667 m2,respective-ly,in 2015. In Nanchang county, early rice should be sowed in mid March as early as possible, and be transplanted in mid April as early as possible.