邛海湿地黑水鸡春季生境选择

2014年4~5月,在四川省西昌市邛海湿地的梦里水乡、焦家村-月亮湾、烟雨鹭洲、小渔村等区域选取了60个10 m×10 m黑水鸡(Gallinula chloropus L.)利用样方进行植被类型、明水面、水深、人为干扰距离、草本植物高度、草本植物密度、乔木距离、食物丰富度8个生态因子的生境选择分析。结果表明,黑水鸡喜植被茂盛、密度大、高度适中的隐蔽生境;就食物而言,黑水鸡尤喜水浅且食物丰富的水域,对明水面的选择不明显;干扰因素研究表明,人为活动对黑水鸡的影响不大,而人为活动稀少区域的黑水鸡对干扰稍显敏感。主成分分析结果显示,影响黑水鸡春季生境选择的因素主要有隐蔽性、食物多寡以及干扰程度。

Habitat Selection of Gallinula chloropus in Qionghai Wetland in Spring

60 sample plots(10 m×10 m) and 8 ecological factors such as vegetation types, open water, water depth, distance to human disturbance, height of herbaceous plants, density of herbaceous plants, distance to macrophaner-ophytes and food abundance were investigated in Menglishuixiang, Jiaojiacun-Moon bay, Yanyuluzhou, Xiaoyucun in Qionghai wetland from April to May in 2014. The results showed that Gallinula chloropus L. prefer habitat with flourishing vegetation, large density and moderate height of herbaceous plants. For food factors, G. chloropus like shallow water and high food abundance area;and their select to open water was inconspicuous. The results of the disturbance research showed that human activities had in-conspicuous influence to G. chloropus. Results of principal component analysis showed that covert habitat, food and distur-bance were the main factors to the habitat selection of G. chloropus in spring.