栽培措施对粮饲兼用玉米干草产量的影响

采用3因素最优饱和设计,系统地研究了氮肥、磷肥与种植密度3因素对不同收获时期粮饲兼用玉米干草产量的影响。结果表明,氮、磷与密度对饲用玉米干草产量的影响因收获期而异,但均以氮的作用居于首位。获得较高植株干草产量的适宜收获时期为乳熟末期至完熟期。以密度、施氮量、施磷量3项栽培措施为决策变量,以干草产量为目标函数,建立了呼和浩特地区饲用玉米主要农艺栽培措施与产量关系的二次多项式回归模型,通过产量频数寻优,定量化地提出了粮饲兼用玉米实现高产的栽培措施优化组合方案,可作为指导呼和浩特地区饲用玉米生产的参考依据。

Effects of Cultivation Measures on Hay Yield of Grain and Forage Maize

In this trial, effects of nitrogen fertilizer amount, phosphoric fertilizer amount and plant density to yield of different grain and forage maize in different harvest periods were studied, applying 3 factors optimum saturation designing. It showed that the effects of nitrogen fertilizer amount, phosphoric fertilizer amount and plant density to maize yield were different in different harvest periods, and the effect of N amount to yield was greater than the other two factors. In production practice, with the postpone of harvest periods, it should provide much fertilizer and less density to gain much yield, and the optimal harvest periods with higher hay yield is from later milk stage to maturing stage. The regression model on the relationship of cultivation measures and yield in Huhhot was established, as the objective function of hay yields, and the decision variables of N amount, P amount and density. Applying the regression model, through yield optimizing, the assembly scenario on optimal cultivation measures and higher yield was given quantitatively, and the results could regard as direction and reference in maize production practice in Hohhot.