不同生态类型西瓜种质资源遗传多样性的SSR分析

采用SSR分子标记技术对96份不同生态型西瓜种质资源的遗传多样性进行研究。从398对引物中筛选出38对扩增条带清晰、多态性高的引物分析供试材料,共得到7043条清晰可辨条带,其中多态性条带826条,占11.7%。平均每对引物对96份材料扩增出185.34条带,其中21.74条具有多态性。96份材料间的相似系数为0.42～0.99。聚类分析结果表明,野生西瓜与栽培西瓜的亲缘关系较远。在栽培品种内华北生态型、华南生态型和西北生态型西瓜的亲缘关系较近,说明我国西瓜种质资源同源性较高,遗传基础狭窄,有必要引入更多种质资源以拓宽西瓜育种背景。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity on Different Ecological Watermelon[Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum. et Nakai]Germplasm Using SSR Markers

Genetic diversity of 96 accessions watermelon〔Citrullus lanatus（Thunb.） Matsum. et Nakai〕germplasm resources with different ecological types were evaluated by SSR molecular marker. Thirty-eight pairs out of 398 SSR primers generated a total of 7 043 bands, 826（11.7 %）of which were polymorphic with 21.74 polymorphic bands per primer on average. The genetic similarity coefficient of the 96 accessions ranged from 0.42 to 0.99. The result of cluster analysis showed that the relationship was far between wild germplasm and cultivars. There exist close relationship among the accessions from North China ecotype, South China ecotype and Northwest China ecotype. Considering the high homology of watermelon germplasm resources and narrow genetic background in China, it is necessary to induce more germplasm resources so as to broaden watermelon breeding background.