大兴安岭林区冻土及湿地对生态环境的作用

为研究中国大兴安岭林区生态环境问题 ,作者对大兴安岭林区高纬度多年冻土区的冻土、冻土地带的湿地和森林的生长状况进行了调研及现地考察 .结果表明 :大兴安岭的冻土退化、原始湿地萎缩和新生湿地扩张将会对大兴安岭的森林及环境造成威胁 .作者认为气候变暖和人为活动是冻土退化的主要原因 ,气候变暖和森林破坏 (大面积采伐或森林火灾 )导致冻土退化 ,不但影响冻土上层的原始湿地 ,也导致新生湿地的扩张 ,林地被湿地取代 ,形成恶性循环 .建议对冻土、湿地、森林的相互制约机理进行长期定位观测研究

Effects of permafrost and wetland in forests in Great Xing'an Mountains on ecology and environment

To research the ecological and environmental problem of forests in Great Xing'an Mountains,this paper studied the permafrost, wetland of frozen ground area and forest growth status at high elevation of forests. Permafrost degeneration, the decrease of original wetland and the increase of new wetland would threaten the forest and environment of Great Xing' an Mountains. The main reasons of permafrost degeneration were climate warming and man activities. Climate warming and forest destroying (large amount of lumbering or forest fire)lead to permafrost degeneration. This not only effected the original wetland of upper level of permafrost, but also led new wetland to expand and take the place of forestlands, and thus formed a vicious circle. The mutual interaction of mechanism permafrost, wetland and forests should be observed and surveyed for a long time.