海南霸王岭热带山地雨林树木苗期构筑型研究

为了解热带山地雨林主要树种苗期构筑型特征 ,笔者综合考虑树种在热带山地雨林群落中的重要性、林窗更新进程中的作用及苗圃出苗情况后 ,2 0 0 2年 7— 8月在海南霸王岭自然保护区东二保护站苗圃选择了热带山地雨林中 2 0种主要树木的幼苗 ,分不同苗龄进行了构筑型特征系统观测 .对苗龄≤ 3个月和 3个月 <苗龄≤ 12个月的幼苗 ,采用了不同的指标体系进行研究 .对比了幼苗的构筑型特征 ,并讨论了构筑型与生态对策、群落结构的关系 .结果表明 :大多数热带树木幼苗萌发方式为子叶出土、子叶叶状对生 ;初生叶多为互生 ,其次为对生、轮生 ;分枝角度中 30°和 6 0°居多 ,其次为 4 5°、75°;幼苗枝下高与树高之间符合指数函数关系 ,而树高与基径之间符合幂函数关系 ;Rauh型、Massart型树木通常采取K对策 ,Leeuwenberg型、Attims型树木通常采取r对策 ,Roux型采取r对策或K对策 ,Aubreville型的生态对策在二者之间 .

Seedling architecture of tropical montane rain forest in Bawangling of Hainan Island

Twenty main tree species in tropical montane rain forest are selected, and tree seedlings of different stages are observed systematically in order to find out their architectural features. Those tree seedlings are chosen considering the importance of the species among the tropical montane rain forest communities, the function during the process of forest gap regeneration, and amount of different species in the nursery. Seedlings less than 3 months and seedlings between 3 months and 12 months are described by different indicator systems. Results indicate that most of the tropical seedlings are epigeal, leafy and opposite; alternate primary leaves are in the majority and opposite and whorled ones follow; seedlings with branching angle of 30° or 60° predominate and those with branching angles of 45° or 75° come next in the nursery. The relationship between stem height under branch and seedling height of the trees among the samples is exponential, and the relationship between seedling height and base diameter fits the power equation. Generally tropical trees of Rauh's model and Massart's model take K strategy; Leeuwenberg's model and Attims model take r strategy; while Roux's model and Aubreville's model seems apt as a compromise between K and r strategies. Architectural features of tropical tree seedlings of main architectural models are summarized and compared, and the relationship among vegetative architecture, ecological strategies and community structure are discussed, which can help further research on architectural dynamics of tropical trees.