除草剂对燕麦产量及抗氧化特性的影响

试验采用单因素随机区组设计,对施用不同浓度仲丁灵和精异丙甲草胺除草剂的皮燕麦陇燕3号田间进行防效调查及燕麦种子产量测定,并进一步测定不同时期燕麦叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化物酶(POD),过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶的活性和膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量,以探讨除草剂对燕麦生理特性的影响。结果表明,在除草剂适宜浓度范围内,高浓度除草剂对杂草的防效较好;与对照相比,除草剂处理对燕麦籽粒产量均有增产作用,最高增幅达30.7%。不同生长期的燕麦受到除草剂胁迫后,叶片MDA含量逐渐上升,且抗氧化酶活性均高于对照;随着除草剂浓度的升高,燕麦叶片各种酶活性受到不同程度的抑制。在试验期内,POD活性的变化与SOD相似,即随着燕麦生育期的推进,呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势。CAT活性较为稳定,呈现先降低,再升高的变化。两种除草剂中,精异丙甲草胺对杂草的防效和增产作用均优于仲丁灵,且对燕麦叶片各种酶活影响较小,适宜在皮燕麦田应用。

The impact of herbicides on production and antioxidant properties of oats

In order to investigate the effects of two herbicides (butralin and s-metolachlor) on kernel yield and physiological characteristics of oats, different concentrations of the two herbicides were applied to an oat crop (Avena sativa) Longyan 3 in a single-factor randomized block design. The weed control and kernel yield of the oats were investigated, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activities and membrane lipid peroxidation (MDA) products in different growth stages were also measured. Higher concentrations of herbicides had a better weed control effect. The oat kernel yield was increased compared with the control at all concentrations of herbicide applied, with the highest increase being 30.7%. Weed control and yield enhancement effects of s-metolachlor were better than butralin, and the high concentration of s-metolachlor had only a small impact on the various antioxidant enzyme activities, so it was safe for weed control of oats. Antioxidant enzyme activities in oat leaves following herbicide application were higher than those of the controls. Activities of different enzymes showed different patterns with increase in herbicide concentration or over time during the growth of the crop. POD and SOD activities were initially increased after herbicide application and then decreased as the crop developed. CAT activity was relatively stable, but the pattern was an initial decrease, followed by an increase. MDA content increased gradually with time.