中国苜蓿品种的选育与研究

苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是我国种植面积最大的豆科牧草之一, 享有“牧草之王”的美称。20世纪50年代以来, 我国在苜蓿育种方面开展了一系列研究工作, 选育了许多抗逆性强的新品种, 为苜蓿产业的快速发展奠定了基础。本文对我国苜蓿新品种选育的现状、已育成的部分优良品种和育种方法进行了综述, 并结合研究概况, 分析了当前苜蓿育种工作存在的问题和不足, 展望今后的发展趋势和育种目标, 即利用高新技术育种手段进行苜蓿种质创新, 选育农艺性状优良的苜蓿新品种。

Progress of alfalfa breeding in China

Alfalfa(Medicago sativa), one of the legume forages with the largest planting area in China, is regarded as “the king of forages”. Since the 1950s, a series of researches have been carried out in alfalfa breeding, and a lot of new varieties with strong resistance have been launched, which lay the foundation for the rapid development of alfalfa industry. In this paper, advances in alfalfa breeding in China were reviewed, including the current situation, some excellent varieties and breeding methods. Further, the existing problems and shortcomings were discussed, and the future trend and goals of alfalfa breeding such as germplasm resources innovation and new varieties which have excellent agronomic traits with high-technology methods were provided.