浙江地区动物细菌性病原结构及耐药性变迁的研究

对浙江省各地送检的516头（羽）动物进行了细菌分离鉴定及药敏试验，结果表明，葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌是主要的3大病原菌，2002年~2005年平均构成比分别为18.92%、24.00%和16.21%。在革兰氏阳性球菌中，葡萄球菌的构成比在逐年增高，从2002年的6.90%提高到2005年的23.25%。3种主要病原对复方新诺明、四环素、卡那霉素、链霉素4种药物2005年的平均耐药率分别为88.87%、100%、83.33%和82.22%。恩诺沙星对葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌抗菌效果较好，2003年~2005年间的平均耐药率分别为11.31%和22.62%。氨苄青霉素对链球菌仍有较好的抗菌作用，2002年~2005年链球菌对该药物的平均耐药率为34.32%。结果还提示临床分离病原对抗菌药物的耐药率有逐年增加趋势。

Trends of Drug-resistance and Pathogens Isolated from Animals in Zhejiang Province

Bacteria culture isolation and antibiotic sensitivity tests from 516 animals in Zhejiang province had been performed from 2002 to 2005.The main pathogens isolated were staphylococci,streptococci and E.coli,being 18.92% of total isolated bacteria in 2002~2003,24% in 2003~2004 and 16.21% in 2004~2005.Among gram-positive coccobacteria,staphylococci occupied 6.90% in 2002 and increased to 23.25% in 2005.Drug-resistance of these three main pathogens to sulfamethoxazole,tetracycline,kanamycin,streptomycin were 88.78%,100%,83.33% and 82.22%.Drug-resistance of staphylococci and E.coli to enoxacin was 11.31% and 22.62%,respectively,suggesting enoxacin had efficiently Bactericidal effect on staphylococci and E.coli.Similarly,ampicillin showed bactericidal effect on streptococci and only 34.32% of streptococci isolated in 2002~2005 showed ampicillin-resistance.These results suggest that drug-resistance of pathogens isolated from animals increase gradually.