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尿素和KNO3对水稻土无机氮转化过程和产物的影响 Ⅰ无机氮转化过程
引用本文:蔡祖聪.尿素和KNO3对水稻土无机氮转化过程和产物的影响 Ⅰ无机氮转化过程[J].土壤学报,2003,40(2):239-245.
作者姓名:蔡祖聪
作者单位:中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京,210008
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999011805)
摘    要:用15N分别标记尿素和KNO3,研究了淹水条件下 ,黄泥土和红壤性水稻土的无机氮转化过程及尿素和KNO3对氮素转化过程的影响。结果表明 ,淹水条件下 ,土壤中存在15NH 4 的成对硝化和反硝化过程。红壤性水稻土15NH 4 硝化只检测到15NO- 2 ,但有反硝化产物15N2 生成 ,因此 ,很可能存在着好气反硝化过程。15NO- 3浓度的下降符合一级反应方程 ,黄泥土的速率常数几乎是红壤性水稻土的 1 0倍。反硝化过程和DNRA过程共同参与15NO- 3的还原。加入尿素提高土壤pH ,增加黄泥土DNRA过程对反硝化过程的基质竞争能力 ,但反硝化过程仍占绝对优势。加入尿素或KNO3改变土壤pH是导致对无机氮转化影响有所不同的主要原因 ,浓度的作用较为次要。

关 键 词:水稻土  硝化  反硝化  DNRA  好气反硝化
收稿时间:2002/4/25 0:00:00
修稿时间:2002年4月25日

EFFECTS OF UREA AND KNO3 ON PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS OF INORGANIC NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION IN PADDY SOILS I.PROCESSES OF INORGANIC NITROGEN
Cai Zu-cong.EFFECTS OF UREA AND KNO3 ON PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS OF INORGANIC NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION IN PADDY SOILS I.PROCESSES OF INORGANIC NITROGEN[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2003,40(2):239-245.
Authors:Cai Zu-cong
Institution:Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Abstract:By using 15N techniques, effects of urea and KNO3 on processes and products of inorganic nitrogen transformation in Hydragric paddy soil and Gleyic paddy soil, collected from Wuxi and Yingtan, respectively, were investigated under flooding conditions at 25. The results showed that coupled nitrification and denitrification of NH4+ occurred in both paddy soils. Oxidation of NH4+ in the Gleyic paddy soil amended with 15N-labeled urea alone was terminated at the product of NO2-, but denitrification product N2 was observed, implying a high possibility of aerobic denitrification. The decrease in NO3- concen-tration in both soils, followed the firstorder reaction. The reaction constant of the Hydragric paddy soil was about 10-fold that of the Gleyic paddy soil. Addition of urea raised soil pH and stimulated DNRA process in the Hydragric paddy soil, and both denitrification and DNRA processes in the Gleyric paddy soils. However, denitrification was a dominant process in NO3- transformation. The differences in the effects of urea and KNO3 on the processes and products of inorganic nitrogen transformation in paddy soils would primarily result from their different effects on soil pH and secondarily from concentration effect.
Keywords:Paddy soil  Nitrification  Denitrification  DNRA  Aerobic denitrification  
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