施氮量对春小麦根系生长及产量的影响

为探讨施氮量对春小麦根系生长及产量的影响,选用龙麦26和龙麦33为试验材料,分析了不同施氮水平(45、60、75、90和105 kg·hm-2)下春小麦根系性状和籽粒产量的差异.结果表明,施氮量对春小麦根系生长有影响,但在不同根系性状上表现不同.随着施氮量的增加,根系总长、干重、活力呈先升后降趋势,根面积和体积呈升高趋势,根平均直径和根冠比呈下降趋势.春小麦产量也显著受施氮影响,并随施氮量的增加呈先升后降趋势.两个品种均在75～90 kg·hm-2施氮量下获得较好的根系生长状况和增产效果.说明合理施氮可通过促进春小麦根系生长而提高籽粒产量.

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Root Growth and Yield Formation of Spring Wheat

In order to explore the effects of nitrogen application rate on root growth and yield formation of spring wheat under the field condition, Longmai 26 and Longmai 33 were used to conduct the experiment. The results showed that at the nitrogen application levels of 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 kg·hm^-2 , nitrogen application affected wheat root traits, but the effects on different root traits varied. Along with the increase of nitrogen application level,the total length, dry weight and activity of root increased at first and then decreased, the root area and root volume showed the trend of increase, while the root diameter and the ratio of root to shoot decreased. Longmai 26 and Longmai 33 had the best performance of root at the nitrogen level of 90 kg·hm^-2 and 75 kg·hm^-2,respectively. Nitrogen application affected the yield of spring wheat significantly, with the increase of nitrogen, the yield had the trend of increase and then decrease.It suggested that the improvement of spring wheat root was beneficial to the improvement of wheat grain yield.