水分胁迫效应对冬小麦生长发育的影响研究

利用温室管栽试验，研究水分胁迫效应对冬小麦生长发育的影响。结果表明：苗期水分胁迫，拔节期与开花期复水能激发冬小麦根、茎、叶、冠生物量显著增长，三叶至分蘖期控水的处理绿叶面积日增量最大；前期一直干旱灌浆期复水能明显减缓植株的衰老速率。冬小麦前期经受中度或重度水分胁迫，拔节期复水后增产效果最大，前期经受中度水分胁迫，开花期复水后水分利用效率最高。确定土壤含水量占田间持水量55％为冬小麦分蘖期水分胁迫效应增产节水的水分临界指标。

Research on Water Stress Effects on Growth and Development of Winter Wheat

The greenhouse experiments on effects of treatments of different soil moisture and duration on growth, development and yield of winter wheat were conducted by controlled irragation. The response of growth, development and yield of winter wheat to water stress were studied. The results indicated that, for treatments with soil relative moisture being 55% and 40% , the daily increment of the root, stem, leaf, and shoot dry weight increased remarkably after 7 days of rewatering during the jointing stage and the flowering stage compared to that of the same period of ck. The treatment with a soil relative moisture of 40% during the 3-ieaf stage to the tillering stage had the maximum daily green leaf areas increment. Rewatering during the filling stage could retarded the senescent rate of the plant. For treatments with soil relative moisture being 55% or 40% at its previous growth stage had the maximum yields-increasing effects after rewatered during the jointing stage, and the treatments with soil relative moisture being 55% at its previous growth stage had the maximum water use efficiency after rewatered during the jointing stage. In the light of high yield and high benefit of winter wheat, the soil relative moisture of 55 % is the critical index of water stress to economic irrigation and high yield during the tillering stage of winter wheat.