稻田免耕稻草覆盖马铃薯光合特性的研究

目的]探索稻田免耕马铃薯高产的生理机制。方法]采用随机区组设计,设马铃薯免耕栽培和传统翻耕栽培2个处理,在马铃薯块茎增长期间,测定供试叶片的光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度和蒸腾速率。结果]一天中稻田免耕马铃薯的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率都高于翻耕处理,而胞间CO2浓度低于翻耕处理。免耕马铃薯平均每穴的产量为490 g,翻耕的为230 g,两者的差异达到极显著水平。同时,免耕的大、中薯个数及产量也明显高于翻耕处理。结论]该研究从光合特性方面揭示了稻田免耕马铃薯增产的机理,为生产实践提供了科学依据。

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Potato with Straw Covering and Zero-tillage Cultivation in Paddy Field

Objective] The aim was to explore the physiological mechanism of high-yield potato with zero-tillage cultivation in paddy field.Method] Adopting the randomized block design,2 treatments of potato with zero-tillage cultivation and the conventional tillage cultivation were set up.The photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate of the tested leaves were detected in the potato tuber increasing period.Result] The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and the water use efficiency of potato with zero-tillage cultivation in paddy field were all higher than that of potato with the conventional tillage cultivation,but the intercellular CO2 concentration of potato with zero-tillage cultivation in paddy field was lower than that of potato with the conventional tillage cultivation in a day.The average yield per hole of potato with zero-tillage cultivation was 490 g and that of potato with the conventional tillage cultivation was 230 g.There was great difference between the 2 treatments.Meantime,the amount of big and middle potato and the yield in the field with zero-tillage cultivation were all higher than that with the conventional tillage cultivation obviously.Conclusion] The research discovered the mechanism of increasing yield of potato with zero-tillage cultivation in paddy field from the photosynthetic characteristics,which provided the scientific basis for the practice.