以异源四倍体体细胞杂种为父本与二倍体杂交创造柑橘三倍体的研究

 2001～2002连续两年, 以沙田柚、本地早橘、中秋橘、HB柚、国庆4号温州蜜柑等二倍体品种为母本, 以NS (橘柚+无酸甜橙) 、NH (橘柚+ HB柚) 、SH (无酸甜橙+ HB柚) 、VM (伏令夏橙+橘橙) 、HD (甜橙+丹西橘) 等优良四倍体体细胞杂种的花粉授粉, 通过胚挽救技术获得再生植株。经细胞流式仪和染色体计数观察表明, 两年从10个授粉组合中共获得244株三倍体和10株四倍体。在这些三倍体中有147株来自沙田柚为母本的组合。目前已有172株三倍体和4株四倍体植株移栽成活。这些材料为进一步选育无核三倍体品种奠定了基础。

Creation of Triploid Citrus Plants by Crossing Elite Allotetraploid Somatic Hybrid Pollen Parents with Diploid Cultivars

To generate seedless triploids with horticulturally acceptable fruit,interploidy crosses between elite allotetraploid somatic hybrids and several diploid cultivars were conducted in 2001 and 2002.Tetraploid somatic hybrids such as NS(Tangelo Sweet orange),NH(Tangelo HB pummelo),SH(Sweet orange HB pummelo),VM(Valencia orange Tangor),HD(Sweet orange Tangerine) were selected as male parents,and diploid cultivars i.e.Shatian pummelo,Huanong Bendizao tangerine,Zhongqiu Satsuma,HB pummelo,Guoqing 4 satsuma were used as female parents.By embryo rescue technique,a total of 244 triploid and 10 tetraploid plants were verified by flow cytometry analysis and chromosome counting from 10 crosses in 2001 and 2002.Out of these triploids,147 were from the cross of Shatian pummelo as the female parent.So far,172 triploid and 4 tetrapliod plants have been transplanted and survived in greenhouse and field.