Surface energy balance model of transpiration from variable canopy cover and evaporation from residue-covered or bare-soil systems |
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Authors: | Luis Octavio Lagos Derrel L Martin Shashi B Verma Andrew Suyker Suat Irmak |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Biological Systems Engineering,University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Lincoln,USA;2.School of Natural Resources,University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Lincoln,USA;3.Departamento de Recursos Hídricos,Universidad de Concepción,Chillán,Chile |
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Abstract: | A surface energy balance model based on the Shuttleworth and Wallace (Q J R Meteorol Soc 111:839–855, 1985) and Choudhury and Monteith (Q J R Meteorol Soc 114:373–398, 1988) methods was developed to estimate evaporation from soil and crop residue, and transpiration from crop canopies. The model
describes the energy balance and flux resistances for vegetated and residue-covered surfaces. The model estimates latent,
sensible and soil heat fluxes to provide a method to partition evapotranspiration (ET) into soil/residue evaporation and plant
transpiration. This facilitates estimates of the effect of residue on ET and consequently on water balance studies, and allows
for simulation of ET during periods of crop dormancy. ET estimated with the model agreed favorably with eddy covariance flux
measurements from an irrigated maize field and accurately simulated diurnal variations and hourly amounts of ET during periods
with a range of crop canopy covers. For hourly estimations, the root mean square error was 41.4 W m−2, the mean absolute error was 29.9 W m−2, the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient was 0.92 and the index of agreement was 0.97. |
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