栽培因子对油菜含油量的影响

2005-2007年在长沙采用二次正交旋转组合设计研究了氮、磷、钾、硫、柠檬酸、油菜素内酯对油菜含油量的作用效果。单因素效应分析表明，氮肥施用量与含油量呈线性负相关，磷肥、钾肥施用量与含油量都呈二次曲线负相关。在一定范围内，施用磷肥、钾肥有利于油菜含油量的提高，过量则降低含油量；硫肥施用量与含油量相关性随试验地硫含量的不同而不同。本试验条件下，在低氮、中磷、中钾水平下可以获得较高的含油量：2006年试验中当氮、磷、钾、硫的纯用量分别为0，112．5，112．5，60kg／hm^2时获得最高含油量45．87%；2007年试验中当氮、磷、钾的纯用量分别为0，112．5，112．5kg／hm^2时获得最高含油量44．08％。油菜素内酯和柠檬酸的效果不显著，可能与施用时期和施用量有关。

Effect of Cultivation Factors on Oil Content in Rapeseed

Effects of nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, sulphur, lemon acid and BR on oil content in rapeseed were studied by a Quadratic-Orthogonal-Rotation-Combination experiment in Changsha in 2005- 2007. Analysis on effect of single factor showed a negative linearity relationship existed between nitrogen rate and oil content, and a conic negative relationship existed between oil content and rate,which showed that application of phosphate and potassium in a certain range was advantageous to improvement of oil content, while the excess application rate was disadvantageous. The relationship between sulphur rate and oil content was related to sulphur content in experiment field. In this study,higher oil content could be realized under condition of low nitrogen rate, medium phosphate rate and medium potassium rate. In 2006, the highest oil content, 45.87%, was obtained when application rate of pure nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and sulphur was 0, 112.5, 112.5 and 60 kg/hm^2, respectively. In 2007, the highest oil content, 44.08%, was obtained at the same nitrogen, phosphate and potassium rate as 2006. Effect of BR and lemon acid was not significant, which was probably related to the application rate and period.