寄生蜂毒液蛋白的研究进展

寄生蜂毒液蛋白具有抑制寄主血细胞免疫、调控寄主生长发育、抑制寄主生殖系统发育、调节寄主内分泌等功能,但一直以来对其组成成分知之甚少.近年来,不仅研究了寄生蜂毒液蛋白的生化特性,而且通过分离纯化、酶活测定、基因克隆等方法明确了寄生蜂毒液的部分蛋白组分.根据这些毒液蛋白性质和功能,可将其分为麻痹毒素、抗菌活性物质、酶类、酶的抑制剂等,它们在害虫生防、药理学和生理学研究中有着广阔的应用前景.该文作者就国内外对寄生蜂毒液蛋白组成成分的研究进展进行了综述,并对其应用前景进行了简要探讨.

Research progress on venom proteins of parasitic Hymenoptera

Venom proteins from parasitoid wasps are with the capability of regulating the hosts by affecting their hemocyte immunity, development and reproduction involving impacts on their endocrine system of providing a suitable environment for the offspring of parasitoids successfully fulfilling their life history, while their components are little known. In recent years, the biochemical properties of parasitoid wasp venom proteins are being actively investigated and their nature is gradually uncovered by purification, enzymatic assays, gene cloning, etc. According to their biochemical characterizations and physiological functions, venom proteins can be divided into toxins, antibacterial substances, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors and the others, which are potential sources of biological control, medical and physiological agents. In this article, the research progresses on the biochemical and molecular characteristics of the parasitoid wasp venom proteins are reviewed and the prospects of their potential use are discussed.