水肥一体化施肥对山地果园‘油㮈’生长及果实品质的影响

以福建特色水果‘油㮈’为试材,在等肥料成本条件下,进行水肥一体化施肥和常规施肥下‘油㮈’树枝梢生长长度和粗度、果实品质、产量表现及施肥成本的比较研究,以期为山地水肥一体化施肥提供参考。结果表明,水肥一体化施肥可在一定程度上促进当年枝梢长度和粗度的增长,提高果实可溶性糖、可溶性固形物及Vc含量,降低可滴定酸含量,提高果实平均单果重、可食率、产量。等价施肥条件下,水肥一体化施肥节省人工成本1104.0元/hm²。建议结合降水量等气候条件及山地土壤特点、生态环境等对水肥一体化施肥技术进行优化。

Effect of Integration of Water and Fertilizer on Growth and Fruit Quality of Prunus salicina ‘Younai’ in Mountain Orchards

Under the condition of equal fertilizer cost, taking Fujian characteristic fruit Prunus salicina ‘Younai’ as test material, a comparative study was conducted on the length and thickness of branch tip growth, fruit quality, yield performance and fertilizer cost under integrated water-fertilizer application and conventional fertilizer application, aiming to provide reference for the integrated water-fertilizer application in mountainous areas. The results showed that the integrated water-fertilizer application could promote the growth of branch tip length and thickness, increase the content of soluble sugar, soluble solids and Vc, reduce the content of titratable acid, and increase the average fruit weight per fruit, edibility and yield. Under the condition of equal fertilization cost, the integrated water-fertilizer application could save 1104.0 yuan/hm² in labor cost. It is suggested to optimize the integrated water-fertilizer application technology in combination with climatic conditions such as precipitation, as well as soil characteristics and ecological environment in mountain orchards.