2000—2018年奉化植被生态质量变化分析

为研究奉化区域植被生态质量的多年变化情况,应用2000—2018年MODIS卫星资料和地面气象观测数据,计算植被覆盖度、植被净初级生产力和植被生态质量指数并进行分析。结果表明：（1）2000—2018年奉化植被覆盖度、净初级生产力和植被生态质量指数都呈现提高趋势,平均增速分别达到0.26%/a、1.7 g C/(m²·a)和0.19/a,除植被净初级生产力外均通过0.01水平的显著性检验。（2）2018年奉化植被生态质量达到最高,但不同区域状况存在较大差异,山区乡镇在植被覆盖度和植被净初级生产力指标上都明显优于城区,大堰、溪口和尚田植被生态质量居前三位。（3）2014年以后植被生态质量指数变化受年降水量影响减小,可能与生态保护和修复力度不断增强有关。相比“两山理论”首次提出的2005年,2018年有90.0%的区域实现了植被生态质量指数的正增长,山区增长尤为明显。可见,2000年以来奉化植被生态质量总体向好发展,但不同区域发展存在不平衡,平原局部地区有退化现象,需进一步加强针对性保护。

Ecological Quality Variation of Vegetation in Fenghua from 2000 to 2018

To study the multi-year change of the ecological quality of vegetation in Fenghua, the MODIS vegetation index and the meteorological observations from 2000 to 2018 were selected to calculate and analyze vegetation coverage, vegetation net primary productivity and ecological quality index of vegetation. The results showed that: (1) from 2000 to 2018, all the three indicators in Fenghua presented a trend of improving, with the average growth rate of 0.26%/a、1.7 g C/(m²·a) and 0.19/a, respectively, exceeding the 0.01 significance level except the net primary productivity of vegetation; (2) in 2018, the ecological quality of vegetation in Fenghua reached the highest level, but there were big differences among different regions, the vegetation coverage and vegetation net primary productivity in mountainous areas were significantly better than those in urban areas, the ecological quality of vegetation in Dayan, Xikou and Shangtian ranked as the top three; (3) the change of the vegetation ecological quality index was less affected by the annual precipitation after 2014, it might be related to the enhanced ecological protection and restoration; compared with 2005 when the “Two Mountains Theory” was first proposed, 90.0% of the regions achieved a positive increase in ecological quality index of vegetation in 2018, especially in mountainous areas. This study found that the ecological quality of vegetation in Fenghua has been improved since 2000, however, the spatial differences in eco-environmental quality are significant, the ecological quality of vegetation in some plain areas are getting worse, which needs enhanced protection.