Field evaluation of somaclonal variation in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) and its application for crop improvement |
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Authors: | J Encheva H Köhler W Friedt F Tsvetkova P Ivanov V Encheva P Shindrova |
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Institution: | (1) Dobroudja Agricultural Institute, General Toshevo, 9520, Bulgaria;(2) Institute of Plant Growing and Plant Protection, Giessen, Germany;(3) Institute of Plant Growing and Plant Protection, Giessen, Germany |
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Abstract: | Immature zygotic embryos from the American fertility restorer line RHA-857 were used as donor material for induction of direct
organogenesis in sunflower (Helianthusannuus L.). The range of spontaneous somaclonal variation among the progenies of regenerants was studied. The genetic modifications
observed in regenerants included agronomic traits such as oil content in seed, 1000 seed weight, plant height, leaf width,
leaf length, petiole length, internode length, head diameter, number of branches, length of branches, number of ray florets,
seed width, seed length, and seed thickness. RAPD molecular analysis carried out on sunflower materials in the R-11 generation
showed the absence of a specific 358 bp band in somaclonal line 11/2/51 R. This line showed a modified architecture, full
resistance to Phomopsis helianthiand higher oil content in seed in comparison to the standard RHA-857. Line31/3/53 R was with modified architecture and higher
1000 seed weight. Hybrid No. 144 produced with the participation of somaclonal line 20/5/52 R demonstrated high production
capacity, shorter vegetation period and reduced height. The combination of these favourable changes is desirable in breeding
work on sunflower. Somaclonal variation through director ganogenesis has facilitated the creation of genetically heritable
variation in sunflower, which can be used with great success for hybrid seed production of highly productive hybrids.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | combining ability Helianthus annuus new breeding material organogenesis RAPD analysis resistance (Phomopsis helianthi) somaclonal variation |
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