玉米抗倒性检测环境的选取方法

倒伏是玉米的重要胁迫之一，为提高玉米新品种抗倒性检测的效率，需选择倒伏胁迫高发环境作为测试环境。该文结合倒伏胁迫发生机理和大风概率统计模型，首先计算每个气象站点的因风倒伏概率，通过插值和区域统计，得到东华北、黄淮海两大玉米主产区各县区的因风倒伏概率，最后进行玉米抗倒性检验环境的选取分析。结果表明：倒伏胁迫概率超过60%的县区适宜作为玉米抗倒性检测的备选环境，只需3～5个点即可基本保证每年试验都会发生倒伏胁迫；黄淮海发生极严重倒伏胁迫的平均概率高于东华北，与实际情况吻合，两大区域可作为极严重倒伏胁迫检测环境的备选县区有54个，严重倒伏有16个，一般性倒伏有21个；本方法为测试环境选取决策提供了一种量化操作的手段，有助于提高测试环境倒伏胁迫的发生概率和新品种抗倒性检测的效率，降低应用风险。

Method of test environments selection for corn lodging resistance

Lodging is a major stress of maize. In order to improve the efficiency of lodging resistance detection of new varieties, high stress location must be selected as a test environment. In this study, firstly, corn lodging mechanism and wind stress probability model were researthed. Secondly, lodging probability of each meteorological station caused by wind stress was calculated. Then, lodging probability was obtained for all counties in Northeast and North China, the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, by using Spatial Interpolation and Regional Statistical Analysis. Finally, the test environments selection analysis for corn lodging resistance was conducted. The results show that: counties with lodging probability above 60% are suitable for alternative environments, lodging will certainly happen among 3-5 locations in each year; the average critical lodging probability of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is higher than that of the Northeast and North China, the available counties for critical lodging in the two regions is 54, the severe is 16, and the medium is 21. The method provides a quantitative operation for test environments selection decision-making. The lodging probability of environment trials can be significantly improved, which contributes to test lodging resistance of new varieties sufficiently and reduces extension risk.