3种丛枝菌根真菌对任豆生长和抗旱性的影响研究

选用摩西球囊霉、幼套球囊霉、根内球囊霉3种丛枝菌根真菌，通过接种丛枝菌根和盆栽控水模拟自然干旱研究其对任豆生长和抗旱性的影响。结果表明：摩西球囊霉对任豆的侵染率最高，达96.7%；接种3种丛枝菌根真菌后，幼苗株高、地径的生长、生物量的积累和叶绿素的合成变化显著。接种摩西、根内及幼套球囊霉的菌根苗较CK在株高方面增长19.0%、4.3%和2.3%，地径增长了18.6%、4.3%和6.1%，叶绿素含量提高了37.5%、11.2%和10.8%。干旱条件下，菌根苗叶片相对含水量、可溶性糖含量显著高于CK，相对电导率、丙二醛含量显著低于CK。可见，菌根苗叶片脱水相对较少，细胞膜受损程度较轻，同时产生更多的渗透调节类物质。接种丛枝菌根真菌能提高植物的光合同化能力和水分利用效率，减轻光合反应中心的伤害程度，增强光能利用率，提高苗的抗旱性，其中接种摩西球囊霉的菌根苗抗旱效果最佳。

Effects of 3 Kinds of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Drought Resistance of Zenia insignis

Three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, including Glomus mosseae, G.etunicatum and G.intraradensis, were selected to study the effect on the growth and drought resistance of Zenia insignis through mycorrhizal inoculation and potted culture with controlling soil water content. The results show that the rate of infection from G.mosseae is the highest (96.7%). The inoculation of 3 species arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could all significantly increase the plant height, ground diameter, biomass accumulation and chlorophyll biosynthesis. The plant height growth of G.mosseae, G.intraradensis and G.etunicatum seedlings increased by 19%, 4.3% and 2.3%, the ground diameter increased by 18.6%、4.3% and 6.1%, and the chlorophyll content increased by 37.5%、11.2% and 10.8% respectively. Through the drought stress experiment, it is concluded that the relative water content and the soluble sugar content of mycorrhizal seedlings is significantly higher than that of CK, while the relative conductivity and malonaldehyde content of the mycorrhizal seedlings are significantly lower than that of CK, indicating that there is relatively little dehydrated behaviors of leaves of mycorrhizal seedlings, and the degree of damage on the cytomembrane is less, and more osmotic adjustment substances is produced at the same time. And the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizae could increase the photosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency, decrease the damage degree of ΦPSII reaction center, enhancing the efficiency of solar energy utilization and the drought-resistant ability of seedlings, among which the G.mossea has the best performance in drought resisting.