钠盐胁迫对苹果树体内钠累积的影响

钠盐胁迫严重制约着甘肃中东部地区苹果的生产。本研究以甘肃省秦安县大田生长的‘金冠’苹果为试材，用正常果树和盐碱胁迫果树对比方法，研究了自然条件下钠盐胁迫对果树整个生育期体内各器官（根系、枝条、叶片、花、果实）钠含量的影响。结果表明：钠盐胁迫下，果树根系内Na+含量为1800mg/kg，是正常果树的2倍；苹果花内Na+含量为700mg/kg，是正常果树的1.4倍；在整个生育期，果树枝条内Na+含量变化在800~1400mg/kg，大约是正常果树的2~4倍；叶片内钠含量变化在1700~2500mg/kg之间，是正常果树的3.4~8.5倍；果实钠含量在1200~1500 mg/kg之间，是正常果树的2.1~12倍。本研究科学地提出苹果花期属于钠盐潜在胁迫期。

Effects of Sodic Salinity Stress on Sodium Accumulation in Apple Trees

Sodic salinity stress was severly affected the production of apple in Middle East region of Gansu Province. ‘Golden Delicious’ growed in farmland in Qin’an County of Gansu Province was used as the experiment material. The effects on the sodium content of apple roots, bronches, leaves, flowers and fruit during the growth periods were investigated. The results showed that the content of sodium was 1800mg/kg in root of diseased trees under sodic salinity stress, it was 2 times higher than health trees; the content of sodium was 700mg/kg in apple flowers, it was 1.4 times higher than health trees. In whole bearing period, the content of sodium in apple tress under sodic salinity stress was the range of 800~1400mg/kg, it was an approximate 2~4 times higher than health trees; the content of sodium in apple leaves was the range of 1700~2500mg/kg, it was 3.4~8.5 times higher than health trees, the content of sodium in apple fruits was the range of 1200~1500mg/kg, it was 2.1~12 times higher than health trees. And sodic salinity latency stress phase is thus brought forward in apple florescence.