鲢鱼 小黄鱼 鳕鱼和海鳗肌肉中营养成分分析及评价

以鲢鱼、小黄鱼、鳕鱼和海鳗为原料,测定了4种鱼肌肉中水分、蛋白质、脂肪和灰分,采用氨基酸分析仪测定了4种鱼肌肉中各氨基酸含量,并对4种鱼肌肉的营养价值进行了评价。结果表明,蛋白质和脂肪含量最高的是海鳗;鳕鱼水分含量最高,脂肪含量最低;4种鱼肌肉中必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量分别为鳕鱼38.98%,海鳗41.05%,鲢鱼42.10%,小黄鱼43.10%;呈味氨基酸占氨基酸总量分别为鲢鱼56.048%,小黄鱼58.202%,鳕鱼58.428%,鳗鱼58.813%;4种鱼的第一限制性氨基酸均为缬氨酸,小黄鱼和海鳗未检出胱氨酸;氨基酸评分分别为鲢鱼0.881,鳕鱼0.825,小黄鱼0.773,海鳗0.737;氨基酸比值系数分SRC为黄鱼63.26,海鳗67.41,鲢鱼74.10,鳕鱼79.29。从营养价值和口味综合分析,鳕鱼肌肉优于鲢鱼、海鳗和小黄鱼,3种海水鱼优于鲢鱼。

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Componets in Muscle of Silver Carp,Small Yellow Croaker,Gadus Macrocephaius and Muraenesox Cinereus

This paper determines the genenal nutrients and the contents of amino acids in muscle of small yellow croaker,silver carp,Muraenesox cinereus and Gadus macrocephaius,evaluates the nutritional value of amino acids.The results show that the contents of protein and fat are the highest in Muraenesox cinereus and Gadus macrocephaius have the highest contents of moisture and the lowest contents of fat.The percentage of essential amino acids in total amino acids are 38.97% in Gadus macrocephaius,41.05% in Muraenesox cinereus,42.10% in silver carp and 43.10% in small yellow croaker.The percentage of delicious amino acids in total amino acids are 56.048% in silver carp,58.202% in small yellow croaker,58.428% in Gadus macrocephaius and 58.813% in Muraenesox cinereus.The first limited amino acid of the four kinds of fishes are all valine and the AAS of silver carp,Gadus macrocephaius,small yellow croaker and Muraenesox cinereus are 0.881,0.825,0.773 and 0.737.The SRC of small yellow croaker,Muraenesox cinereus,silver carp and Gadus macrocephaius are 63.26,67.41,74.10 and 79.29.From comprehensive analysis of nutritional value and taste,the muscle of Gadus macrocephaius is better than silver carp,small yellow croaker and Muraenesox cinereus,the three kinds of marine fish are better than fresh-water fish silver carp.