数种驱虫药和化学药物对体内外鸡蛔虫产卵和虫卵发育的影响

为鉴定男性不育药和有些驱虫药对寄生蠕虫的不育作用,对培养在试管内的鸡蛔虫和卵胚,以及人工感染蛔虫的鸡分别进行了体内和体外试验。棉酚和硝基呋喃类的呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林、S_(73031)和S_(72055)均无抑制产卵和卵胚发育的作用,苯并咪唑类的丙硫咪唑、甲苯咪唑和噻苯咪唑以及吩噻嗪均有抑制产卵和卵胚发育的作用,它们的EMIC_(50)分别为0.006,1.326,0.029和0.052ppm。抑制产卵所需浓度远大于抑制卵胚发育所需浓度。吡喹酮和硫双二氯酚也不具有抑制产卵和卵胚成熟的作用。放线菌酮仅对试管内蛔虫有抑制产卵作用,但对体内蛔虫却无影响。

IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EFFECTS OF SEVERAL SELECTED ANTHELMINTICS AND CHEMICALS ON EGG-LAYING PRODUCTION AND EGG DEVELOPMENT OF ASCARIDIA GALLI

Several selected anthelmintics and male antifertility agents were assayed for their ability to inhibit oviposition both in vitro in maintaining adults Ascaridia galli in Del Castillo solution and in vivo in feeding compounds to infested chickens. The ability of compounds to prevent the completion of embryonic maturation ( EMIC50 ) was tested on eggs laid in vitro and separated from adults prior to exposure to inhibitors. Male antifertility agents gossypol and nitrofurans furazolidone, furacilin, S73031 and S72055 were completely ineffective. The benzimidazoles albendazole, mebendazole and thiabendazole, and phenothiazine resulted in the inhibition of oviposition and embryonic development of worm eggs. The EMIC50 for albendazole,mebendazole, thiabendazole and phenothiazine were 0.006, 1.326, 0.029 and 0.052 ppm respectively. Their concentrations to inhibit oviposition were considerably higher than those required to inhibit embryonic development of worm eggs. Praziquantel and bithionol were ineffective on inhibition of oviposition and embryonic maturation of worm eggs either in vitro or in vivo. Actidione, an antifungal, was highly effective on infested chickens with A. galli and embryonic development of eggs in vitro.