基于农户的肉羊农牧生态系统氮素循环与平衡研究

在调查陕西省铜川市耀州区三个乡(镇)260个农户种植业、养殖业及其它副业现状的基础上,本文将当地农户分为3种类型,并对其作物生产氮素利用及投入产出情况进行了分析;同时,结合农户作物生产和肉羊养殖实际,设计了三种典型农户肉羊农牧生态系统,分析表明:在农户耕地面积0.67~1.20 hm2、饲养8.83~17.67个羊单位条件下,粮、经、饲作物种植比例为40∶15∶45时,农户肉羊农牧生态系统内的氮素循环将达到动态平衡,且与调整前相比,作物氮素产出量平均高出91.64 kg/(hm2oa),氮素产投比平均提高了17.65%,农田有机氮再循环系数平均提高了123.53%,良性养分循环指数平均提高了156.52%,每只肉羊养殖效益平均增加130元。该设计模式值得在研究区及类似生态区域大力推广。

Nitrogen Cycling and Balance in the Farmer Household's Agro-animal Husbandry Ecosystem

Based on investigating data of planting industry,animal raising industry and other sidelines in three counties,Yaozhou District,Tongchuan City,the article analyzed N application and input and output of plants production by dividing the farmers into three types:small,medium and large scales.The results showed that N cycling of the ecosystem was dynamic balance under the circumstances of feeding 8.83~17.67 goats per unit on the farming area of 0.67~1.20hm~2,the propotion of 40:15:45 for gain to economic crop to forage.Moreover,in contrast to the situation before adjustment,the N output increased 91.64 kg/(hm~2oa)in average,N input/output went up 17.65% than the average,the recycling coefficient of positive mutrient raised 156.52%,the profit for each goat increased 130 Yuan.It shows that this mode is worth popularizing in the researching area and similar ecological area.