冬小麦产量性状的配合力及遗传规律研究

采用Griffing方法I,利用 6× 6完全双列杂交 ,对冬小麦 5个产量性状的配合力、基因效应及遗传组成进行了研究。结果表明 :①品种的GCA效应与其产量性状高度相关 ,SCA效应与F1的产量表现高度相关。②株高、单株成穗的遗传受基因加性、非加性和母体效应的共同作用 ,以加性效应占优势 ;千粒重和单株产量的遗传决定于基因加性效应和非加性效应 ;而穗粒数的遗传纯由加性效应控制。③株高和千粒重的遗传方差中 ,加性方差所占比例分别为 85.75%和 6 7.72 % ,其遗传决定度也较高 ,分别达 76 .4 5%和 6 9.31% ;而单株成穗和单株产量的遗传受显性基因作用较大 ,其狭义遗传力分别只有 33.0 4 %和 10 .71%。

Studies on Combing Ability and Heredity Rules of Yield Character in Winter Wheat

Combing ability, gene effect and heredity composition were studied for five yield characters of winter wheat by adopting Griffing's method Ⅰand 6×6 complete diallel crossing. The results showed that ⑴ general combining ability (GCA) was highly related to yield characters; specific combining ability (SCA) was highly related to the yield of F 1. ⑵ heredity was affected by additive, nonadditive and female effects. Among which the additive was dominant. The heredity of 1 000 kernel weight and the yield of per plant were decided by additive and nonadditive effect, and the heredity of the number of grain per ear were controlled by additive effect. ⑶ at the heredity variations of plant height and 1 000 kernel weight, the proportion of additive variation was 85.75% and 67.72%, their heredity decisive was 76.45% and 69.31% respectively; however the heredity of ear number and yield per plant was affected by dominant gene, their special heredity abilities were 33.04%and 10.71% respectively.