Current progress on genetic interactions of rice with rice blast and sheath blight fungi |
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Authors: | Yulin Jia Guangjie Liu Stefano Costanzo Seonghee Lee Yuntao Dai |
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Institution: | (1) USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA;(2) Rice Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA |
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Abstract: | Analysis of genetic interactions between rice and its pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani should lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of host resistance, and the improvement of strategies to manage
rice blast and sheath blight diseases. Currently, dozens of rice resistance (R) genes against specific races of the blast fungus have been described. Among them, ten were molecularly characterized and
some were widely used for breeding for genetic resistance. The Pi-ta gene was one of the best characterized rice R genes. Following the elucidation of its molecular structure, interaction, distribution, and evolution, user friendly DNA
markers were developed from portions of the cloned genes to facilitate the incorporations of the Pi-ta mediated resistance into improved rice varieties using marker assisted selection (MAS). However, rice blast is still a major
threat for stable rice production because of race change mutations occurring in rice fields, which often overcome added resistance
based on single R genes, and these virulent races of M. oryzae pose a continued challenge for blast control. For sheath blight, progress has been made on the exploration of novel sources
of resistance from wild rice relatives and indica rice cultivars. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL), named qSB9-2, was recently verified in several mapping populations with different phenotyping methods, including greenhouse methods. The
ability to identify qSB9-2 using greenhouse methods should accelerate the efforts on the qSB9-2 fine mapping and positional cloning. |
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Keywords: | blast Magnaporthe oryzae Oryza sativa Pita rice Rhizoctonia solani sheath blight |
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