| 干旱胁迫下不同抗旱性小麦品种产量形成与水分利用特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴金芝,王志敏,李友军,张英华. 干旱胁迫下不同抗旱性小麦品种产量形成与水分利用特征[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2015, 20(6): 25-35 |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴金芝 王志敏 李友军 张英华 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学 农学与生物技术学院, 北京 100139;河南科技大学 农学院, 河南 洛阳 471023;中国农业大学 农学与生物技术学院, 北京 100139;河南科技大学 农学院, 河南 洛阳 471023;中国农业大学 农学与生物技术学院, 北京 100139 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家小麦产业技术体系(CARS-03);公益性行业专项(201203033-2) |
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| 摘 要： | 在移动防雨棚条件下,以晋麦47(抗旱性强)、偃展4110(抗旱性弱)和矮抗58(抗旱性中等)为材料,在足墒播种、安全越冬基础上,设置拔节~成熟期持续干旱(W1)、开花~成熟期干旱(W2)、拔节~成熟期供水适宜(W3)3种水分处理,研究了干旱胁迫对不同抗旱性冬小麦品种产量形成和水分利用的影响。结果表明:供水适宜时3个品种的产量和水分利用效率皆无显著差异,干旱胁迫显著降低了各品种产量,降幅表现为晋麦47矮抗58偃展4110。与偃展4110相比,晋麦47干旱时生育前期耗水较多,物质积累量较大,单位面积总粒数较高;而在产量形成期(开花~成熟)叶片蒸腾速率较低,耗水量较小,水分生产效率较高,贮藏物质转运对籽粒的贡献率较高,最终获得较高的产量和水分利用效率。矮抗58在花后干旱条件下具有较高的物质生产能力和花前贮藏物质贡献率,相对产量也较高。综合研究认为,干旱环境下早期的吸水能力和生长能力强、群体库容量大、花前贮藏物质贡献率和花后水分生产效率高是抗旱高产品种的重要特征。
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| 关 键 词： | 冬小麦 品种 产量形成 水分利用效率 抗旱性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-03-12 |
Characteristics of yield formation and water use in different drought tolerance cultivars of winter wheat under drought stress |
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| WU Jin-zhi,WANG Zhi-min,LI You-jun and ZHANG Ying-hua. Characteristics of yield formation and water use in different drought tolerance cultivars of winter wheat under drought stress[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2015, 20(6): 25-35 |
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| Authors: | WU Jin-zhi WANG Zhi-min LI You-jun ZHANG Ying-hua |
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| Affiliation: | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;College of Agronomy, Henan Science and Technology University, Luoyang 471023, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;College of Agronomy, Henan Science and Technology University, Luoyang 471023, China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the effect of drought stress on the yield formation and water use in different drought tolerance cultivars of winter wheat,three cultivars,JM47 (strong drought resistance),YZ4110 (weak drought resistance) and AK58 (moderate drought resistance),were planted under rain-proof shelter conditions in 2012-2013 and 2013-2014.In the trial,three moisture treatments,including persistent drought from jointing to maturity (W1),drought from anthesis to maturity (W2) and suitable water supply from jointing to maturity (W3) were conducted on the basis of seeding at sufficient soil moisture for overwintering security.The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the grain yield and water use efficiency among different cultivars when the water supply was suitable.However,its grain yield was decreased significantly under drought stress conditions,and the order of decreasing level was JM47
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| Keywords: | winter wheat cultivars yield formation water use efficiency drought tolerance |
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