涪陵胭脂萝卜多倍体诱导研究

以不同浓度秋水仙素溶液处理胭脂萝卜幼苗茎尖生长点,通过苗期和成株期对诱变植株和正常二倍体植株进行形态学和细胞学鉴定,探讨四倍体胭脂萝卜的诱导方法与途径.结果表明,5种浓度秋水仙素都能诱变出四倍体胭脂萝卜,其中2 g/L秋水仙素诱变率最大,为33.3％.四倍体胭脂萝卜平均叶片厚度、叶长、株高、叶宽和开展度较二倍体分别增加32.4％、39.6％、39.8％、24％和31.7％,四倍体胭脂萝卜叶片单位视野内的气孔数目少于二倍体72.2％,但气孔的横径和纵径分别较二倍体大40.8％和30.7％.说明叶片厚度、叶长、株高、叶宽、开展度、气孔数目、气孔的横径和纵径等性状可以作为四倍体鉴定的重要特征,特别是气孔数目、气孔的横径和纵径可以作为快速鉴定四倍体与二倍体胭脂萝卜的重要指标.利用秋水仙素诱导是获得四倍体胭脂萝卜的有效途径之一.

Study on Polyploid Induction of Red Radish Using Colchicine in Fuling District

Red radish with rich red radish pigment is an important commercial root vegetable,which is barely cultivated in Fuling district Chongqing city with low production and deficiency germplasm resources.It is very necessity to create new red radish germplasm resources.In this study,red radish was used to induct polyploid with 1 g/L,1.5 g/L,2 g/L,2.5 g/L,and 3 g/L colchicine on heart leaves in the seedlings time.The autotetraploid red radish was created by identifying the characteristics of morphology and cytology between polyploid and normal red radish.The results showed that autotetraploid red radish can be created using different concentrations of colchicine solution,while the autotetraploid red radish was well created with the induction rate as high as to 33.3％ using 2 g/L colchicine.The leaf thickness,leaf length,plant height,leaf width,and plant expansion of autotetraploid red were 32.4 ％,39.6 ％,39.8 ％,24 ％,and 31.7 ％ higher than diploid red radish,respectively.And the stomatal number of leaf per unit in autotetraploid was 72.2％ less than the diploid,while the the hole diameter and the longitudinal diameter were 40.8 ％ and 30.7 ％ greater than the diploid,respectively.The results showed that leaf thickness,leaf length,plant height,leaf width,plant expansion,stomatal number of leaf,and the hole diameter and the longitudinal diamete of stomatal are importat traits that can be used in the identification of autotetraploid in red radish,especelly stomatal number of leaf,and the hole diameter and the longitudinal diamete of stomatal.It indicat that it is one of the effective ways to induce autotetraploid using colchicine in red radish.