胚胎植入及其分子机制研究进展

哺乳动物的胚胎植入是生殖过程的一个重要环节,是妊娠的关键。包括胚胎对母体子宫内膜的识别、黏附、侵入等过程。正常情况下,胚胎仅在一个极短的时间内有机会附着到子宫内膜上,即胚泡滋养层达到侵入状态,子宫内膜达到接受状态,且两者同步发生,胚泡才会成功植入。胚胎植入的成功必须具备许多条件,需要足够的激素分泌,合体滋养层细胞形成,以及胚泡与子宫内膜同步发育与相互配合等。这一过程的调控机制十分复杂,至今仍是生殖医学领域中尚未解决的问题。文章就胚胎植入的基本过程及其分子机制做简要综述。

Study of Embryo Implantation and Molecular Mechanisms

Mammalian embryo implantation is an important step of the reproductive process,and is critical to pregnancy.It includes the recognization,adhesion and invasion of embryo to uterine endomembrane.Normally,embryos have the chance to attach to the endometrium only at a short phase: trophoblast at the invasion state and endometrium at the receptive state,and both are synchronized.Successful implantation has much of qualification.It requires enough of hormone secretion,syncytiotrophoblast formation,and the synchronal development of blastocyst and uterine endomembrane and also.The regulation mechanism of this process is very complicate and still the problom unresolved in the medical domain.The process and molecular mechanisms of embryo implantation were generalized in this paper.