不同耕作和覆盖对烟草产值及土壤质量的影响(英文)

通过3年长期定位试验研究了不同耕作和覆盖方式对烟草产值和土壤质量的影响。结果表明,翻耕处理烟叶产量和产值分别较免耕处理大22.72%和37.23%,轮作处理烟叶产量和产值分别较连作处理大1.83%和19.41%,秸秆还田烟叶产量和产值分别较不还田大3.55%和2.4%,说明翻耕轮作和秸秆还田能够一定程度提高烟叶的产量和产值,特别是在轮作条件下翻耕对增加烟叶产量和产值有显著作用;另外免耕处理、速效磷、碱解氮、有机质、全氮和全磷分别较翻耕处理分别大35.14%、9.92%、9.57%、4.40%和34.16%,特别是在免耕条件下,连作烟田土壤PH值速效钾、速效磷、碱解氮、有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾较轮作烟田分别大2.01%、48.68%、73.09%、11.45%、7.71%、7.31%、47.68%和11.78%,说明免耕和连作处理提高土壤中有机质和氮磷全量和有效量的残留,因此,从培肥地力的和烟草生产可持续的角度考虑,免耕条件下连作处理是最适宜于当地土壤地力培肥的从提高烟叶产量和产值的角度考虑,绿肥-烟叶→绿肥/小麦/玉米→绿肥-烟叶轮作处理是最适宜该区的种植模式。

Effects of Different Tillage and Mulching Modes on Tobacco Output Value and Soil Quality

Based on three years of long-term fixed-site field trial, the effects of differ- ent tillage and mulching modes on the yield and output value of tobacco and soil quality were investigated. The results showed that the yield and output value of to- bacco in tillage treatment were improved by 22.72 % and 37.23 % compared with non-tillage treatment, respectively; the yield and output value of tobacco in rotation treatment were improved by 1.83% and 19.41% compared with continuous cropping treatment, respectively; the yield and output value of tobacco in straw mulching treatment were improved by 3.55% and 2.4% compared with non-straw mulching treatment, respectively, which indicated that tillage, rotation and straw mulching could improve the yield and output value of tobacco to a certain extent; especially, the yield and output value of tobacco increased significantly after plowing under rotation conditions. The contents of available phosphorus （AP）, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen （AN）, organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） in non- tillage treatment were 35.14%, 9.92%, 9.57%, 4.40% and 34.16% higher compared with tillage treatment; especially, under non-tillage conditions, soil pH and contents of available potassium （AK）, AP, AN,OM,TN,TP and total potassium （TK） in continu- ous cropping field were 2.01%, 48.68%, 73.09%, 11.45%, 7.71%, 7.31%, 47.68% and 11.78% higher compared with rotation field, indicating that non-tillage treatment and continuous cropping could improve the total content and available content of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, from the perspective of soil fer- tility improvement and sustainable tobacco production, continuous cropping under non-tillage conditions might be the most appropriate cropping pattern for local soil fertility improvement; aiming at improving the yield and output value of tobacco, green manure-tobacco→, green manure/wheat/maize→green manure-tobacco ro- tation might be the most appropriate cropping pat