普通小麦背景中长穗偃麦草高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的表达、染色体定位与分子标记

摘要：以普通小麦（Triticum aestivum）中国春、长穗偃麦草?穴Thinopyrum elongatum ?雪及其双二倍体、二体异附加系、二体异代换系为材料，采用SDS-PAGE分析了种子高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基。长穗偃麦草高分子量麦谷蛋白基因在中国春背景中编码一条高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基，其迁移率与中国春1By8亚基相同，命名为1E8亚基，控制该亚基的基因位点Glu-E1位于长穗偃麦草E组染色体第一同源群的长臂上。用高分子量麦谷蛋白y亚基基因重复区域的特异引物进行扩增，长穗偃麦草1E8亚基编码基因（Glu-E1）扩增出1 300 bp的片段，而中国春1By8亚基编码基因（Glu-B1y）扩增出1 950 bp的片段。

Expression, Chromosomal Location and Molecular Marker of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Gene of Thinopyrum elongatum in Wheat Background

Abstract：High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) are main factors that affect bread-making quality of common wheat. Many common wheat cultivars derived from the Thinopyrum germplasm have good bread-making quality. But HMW-GS coded by E-genome of Thinopyrum was not reported previously. In the paper, the HMW-GS compositions of Thinopyrum elongatum (2n=14, EE) were analyzed by SDS-PAGE technique with materials of wheat (Triticum aestivum) var. Chinese Spring (CS), Thinopyrum elongatum (PI547326), CS-Th. elongatum amphidiploids, alien disomic and ditelosomic addition (DA) and alien disomic substitution (DS) lines. Studies on chromosomal location of HMW-GS gene of E-genome was performed in the meantime, and works of amplifying the HMW-GS gene of E-genome was also conducted by using PCR primers specific for the repetitive region of y-type HMW-GS genes. The main results were showed bellow:1. E-genome in CS background coded one single HMW-GS with a highly similar migration ratio to subunit 1By8 of CS in SDS-PAGE gel, and in the accession of Thinopyrum elongatum PI547326 coded one subunit similar to 1By9 of Chenny. These two subunits were therefore temporarily named 1E8 and 1E9 respectively. 2. The HMW-GS gene of E-genome was located in the long arm of chromosome 1E. This result was consistent with the fact that the arrangement of HMW-GS genes was collinear in chromosomes of grain crops. 3. With primers for HMW-GS genes, one specific fragment in the approximately length of 1 300 bp was amplified in all materials containing 1EL chromosome. This fragment could be used as molecular marker for the HMW-GS gene of E-genome.