外来植物土荆芥入侵的化学基础探讨

土荆芥为藜科藜属一年生或多年生直立草本植物,1864年首次发现于中国台湾省台北淡水,2010年1月7日被列入中国《第二批外来入侵植物种名单》。目前对土荆芥的入侵学研究主要集中在生物学、生态学、化学成分、他感作用、逆境抗性等方面,因此其入侵机制主要是化学武器假说,如次生代谢旺盛,具化感潜力,抗逆性强等。但并未从分子学角度进行相关研究,如土荆芥的遗传进化特点、土荆芥入侵的分子标记、土荆芥的代谢组学等。尤其是土荆芥入侵之后,其与本土植物的种子萌发速度或生长速度比较(优先效应),目前尚未有报道。因此,未来在上述研究的基础上,必须对其分子生物学开展深入研究,尤其应重点研究土荆芥入侵的优先效应机制。

Chemical Mechanism for Biological Invasion of Alien Species Chenopodium ambrosioides

Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chenopodiaceae, an annual or perennial erect herbaceous plant, was firstly discovered in northern Taiwan in 1864 and listed in he Directory of the Second Batch of Alien Invasive Plant Species on January 7, 2010. At present, studies on C. ambrosioides are focusing on its biology, ecology, chemical constituents, allelopathy and resistance, and its invasive mechanism is presumed as chemical weapon, such as vigorous secondary metabolism, strong allelopathic potential and better stress resistance. No research has been conducted from the perspective of molecular biology, like genetic evolution characteristics, molecular marker on the invasion and metabolomics. Particularly, the comparison of seed germination and growth rate of C. ambrosioides and indigenous plant was absent. Therefore, more attentions should be paid to study molecular basis and priority effects of C. ambrosioides in the future.