产粮大省玉米秸秆综合利用的困局与对策研究

农作物秸秆作为"另一半农业",是一种重要的可供开发和综合利用的生物质资源。以吉林省2005~2014年间玉米产量为基础,测算出吉林省玉米秸秆理论资源量和可收集量,对该地区玉米秸秆综合利用途径现状和障碍因素进行简要评价。促使玉米秸秆综合利用得到更好的发展应该重视宣传引导,努力转变农民对秸秆综合利用的认识;加大政府财政支持力度,优化机制;建立秸秆技术研发体系,促进产业发展,以项目带动产业发展规模化;搞好示范推广作用,积极挖掘秸秆文化产业等。

Integrated Utilization of Crop Straws in Major Grain Producing Province:Dilemma and Countermeasures

Crop straws, as "the other half of agriculture", are important biomass resource for exploitation and integrated utilization. In view of the yield of corn during 2005-2014 in Jilin province, the total quantity and the collective amount of crop straws are estimated and calculated in theory. Moreover, the status quo and obstacles of the integrated utilization of crops straws in this area are briefly evaluated. It is concluded that great efforts should be made to promote the integrated utilization of crop straws in Jilin province. The priority should be given to more propaganda guidance for farmers so as to change their understanding of the comprehensive utilization of straw; then the government should offer more financial support, optimize mechanism, establish scientific research system, promote large-scale industrial development by encouraging more scientific research projects, improve the demonstration effect and actively explore the straw culture industry.